This review examines the growing effort to replace microplastics in cosmetic formulations with more sustainable materials, focusing on the environmental, health, and regulatory drivers behind this transition. Within this context, cellulose and cellulose-derived materials, including cellulose acetate, are presented as promising alternatives to conventional plastic microbeads used in skincare, haircare, and make-up products.

This review examines carbohydrate-based alternatives to conventional plastic microbeads, which are widely used in cosmetics, household products, biomedical applications, and other industries but contribute to persistent microplastic pollution. The article evaluates a broad range of naturally derived polymers, including cellulose, cellulose acetate, chitin, chitosan, alginate, starch, pectin, and other carbohydrate-based materials, comparing their environmental impact, biodegradability, production methods, mechanical properties, and application potential.